Issues: Election Reform

Special thanks to
www.seedsofdoubt.com
THE NEED FOR ELECTION REFORM
As I
sit writing this I am listening to the congressional hearings into vote fraud
allegations in Ohio. The hearing headed by Rep. John Conyers features
testimony from a large number of individuals (Jesse Jackson, Green Party
Presidential Candidate Cobb and many others) investigating the numerous
allegations discussed in the
letter recently sent to this year's
Kathleen Harris, Ohio Sec. of State Kenneth Blackwell by numerous members of the
House Judiciary Committee.
This letter points out a long list of serious irregularities that have been
documented in the Ohio voting to date.
As we
saw in the Florida 2000 election, minority voter turnout was suppressed in a
number of key Democratic districts across the state. In one disturbing,
example the counting of ballots on one key district was "locked
down", taking place without admission of the normal observers. Most
egregiously, there are
allegations of software specifically
written to allow the manipulation of vote totals.
This of issues is long...
Point being, there
are many structural changes to the electoral system that could greatly
improve the representativeness of the final chosen candidate and empower
the voter. This page will serve as a slate for the discussion of election reform
issues.
Please contact me with comments,
suggestions, critiques of the plans discussed.
Before we can make changes we need to decide what changes to make!
NOTE 12/8/04: I will
start with the primary system. But, I will follow soon behind with a
discudssion of the general election, electoral college and other topics.
For a great site discussing these issues in detail please check
out:

Primary Election Reform Suggestions:
I recently spent some
time on the Blog at
www.democraticunderground.com discussing the current primary election system
and changes that could bring it closer to a democratic ideal of "One man, One
vote". What we came up with collectively was a set of six fundamental
changes that could be made to improve the system.
Six Suggestions For Structural Change in the
Presidential Nominating Process
1) The nation be divided into 5 broad
geographic regions (Southeast, Southwest, Northeast, Midwest, Northwest)
2) Each region chooses, through a set system of rotation or by other criteria,
one state to run in a first day primary
3) 3 weeks later, the people and campaigns have had a chance to respond to the
first day results, all remaining states vote, "Super Tuesday".
4) Ballots should be in the form of "Ranked balloting". Rate the
candidates in order of preference.
5) Proportional distribution of delegates. Death to "Winner Takes All"
apportionment of delegates. That way, a second, or third in large states
still has value.
6) Finally, public financing of all campaigns to establish a level funding
playing field. Each candidate would receive a set amount of money to spend
on the primary race.
Few people think about
the primaries. Even fewer vote in it. This is a direct reflection of
the current structure of the primaries. My fundamental point in the
postings was that the current system disenfranchises voters in later primary
states AND that this results in a bias in our choice of nominee on favor of
early primary states, particularly Iowa and New Hampshire, the states where
financially weaker, less recognized candidates go to die. I suggested a
national one day primary:
We keep loosing (allowing the
Republicans to steal) these elections. Yet no one is acknowledging that our
fundamental problem is our choice of candidate not republican dirty tricks,
apathy , or anything else. Our fundamental problem is the current primary
system. Iowa and New Hampshire get to pick our nominee each time around. Their
track record SUCKS! Come on, Dukakis, Gore, Kerry!
We will never nominate candidates that represent the national electorate on the
whole if we do not allow all of the states to have a say in the nominating
process. This year the effect was intentionally exaggerated by Terry McAuliffe
and his buddies who believed that picking the nominee at the earliest possible
date would leave him stronger against Bush. Fire them all and demand a one day
national primary if you want to have a margin of victory large enough to make
theft of the election impossible!
How many of you got a chance to vote for your candidate of choice? I was a
Clarkie but voted Little Dennis because almost everyone had dropped by Super
Tuesday. Super my ass!
Distressed American
The post got a
large amount of feedback. I was surprised at how resistant people were to
the idea of changing the primaries. Most criticisms were based on the
logic that making it a national race would greatly increase the cost of running
in the primaries, increasing the influence of large donors, making it harder for
poorly financed voters to build some name recognition, etc.
Here
are a few responses to give you a feel for the discussion:
| No way. One day primary
wouldbe extremely expensive and a huge |
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burden on those candidates campaigning. Clark,
Dean, edwards etc had a better chance of winning with a primary system
that was spread out (ie. Clinton's comeback) then a one day nightmare.
Also with the amount of media buys, campaign travel, etc it would be
unresonably expensive.
This idea would never work. You complain that TM tried to rush the
primaries yet, you want to one up him by REALLY rushing them into one
day.
The problems with why we lose isn't because of NH and Iowa, lets sharpen
up. We have other problems we can deal with that can get us back into
the WH etc.
Oh, and to those that say Iowa and NH are too liberal... uh' both are
swing states (IA went red this time, NH switched) primaries in general
only excite the party faithful (for us, the liberals!) |
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| That only benefits the
candidate with the most |
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name recognition and corporate money. Remember who
had the most money and national name recognition early on in the
primary? Joseph Lieberman. Yuck!
Dean may have won a national primary later on because he got sooooo much
media coverage and a lot of money. A national primary means that the
corporate media and political donors will decide who our nominee is. I
don't like that. |
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| The difference is $10
million vs $70+ million |
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it would drain all the democratic donors pockets
before we even get to the GE, that would really leave us even more
vunerable. |
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someone like Jimmy Carter could never win a one day
primary. |
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for everyone to vote on the same day. Its cost
prohibitive. NH and IA are small states and it causea big headache to
move. And they are both swing states now. So it isn't a good idea to
piss them off. |
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| You can't blame the
primary system or media for Kerry being best candidate |
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I think there's a major error in your logic.
Kerry won IA and NH because he was the best candidate, with the best set
of messages and persona, and organization and ability to raise money.
If you started in NC and Edwards won it, I still think Kerry still would
have won the nomination so long as Democratic voters were seeing the
candidates and making the decision based on the arguments the candidates
were making about themselves.
NH and IA citizens aren't some rare bread of Americans who think
differently from everyone else. They took into account the arguments and
situation and picked Kerry. So long as there wasn't a home-towner in the
race, Democrats all over the country were going to take into account a
very similar set of circumstances.
I think the only way to get a different outcome is if you did something
like a one day national primary where Democratic voters had to rely on
(1) the media interpreting and mediating their relationships with the
canidates, and (2) if voters merely got arguments through commercials.
Then you might have gotten Dean, but Dean would have done worse against
Bush, I'm sure. |
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Many were generally supportive of the concept and suggested
revisions to the plan:
| It would be really nice
to actually be able to vote in a primary |
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before the nominee has been declared and has
already attained the requisite delegates.
Why should only a few states determine our candidate? |
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| New Jersey (June Primary)
agrees |
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I am so there! At least when I lived in Brooklyn
there was usually still a few choices by the time the primaries got
around to us. Now that I'm in the last state to vote, I haven't had a
voice.
Single day with instant runoff voting works for me. |
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| I think we need to let NH
and IA keep their spots |
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but the following week some larger states should be
in the mix. There is no reason to drag primaries out til May and June,
I'd say we could fit all 50 states in primary voting over the period of
a month. I think we should allow all states except NH and IA to rotate
spots if they want to, but there should be a mix of large and small
population states in each batch.
In other words, make the four weeks following the NH primary a Super
Tuesday of 12 states.
I voted for Dean in May here, long after he had dropped out, and the fix
was in on Kerry. (fix = decision before I get flamed) |
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the Iowa and NH system allows for retail politics
to provide a jump start to a campaign based on the success of retail
politics. In a national system, only the well established would get the
money they need to compete. And they would have to raise the money
early. I think a system of regional primaries would be a better system.
Perhaps do NH and Iowa and then split the rest of the primaries into 4
regions. Rotate those regions every 4 years for fairness. |
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| How about having a big
publicized lottery |
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a few months before the primary. The slots could be
set meaning how many states would vote each week, and then the states
positions would be drawn out of a hat. It would be different each cycle,
would generate lots of interest, and one cycle southern states would
randomly get put in the front, the next cycle it might be industrial
states. Just whoever got pulled from the hat. |
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| You can see links to
explanations on my website of several different |
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types of ranked voting systems. The one talked
about most often, and which I think would be fine for a Primary is
Instant Runoff voting.
In that case you literally check off candidates by preference. Me, had I
been a Dem this last time, I might have gone: 1) Kucinich, 2) Sharpton,
3) Dean, 4) Moseley-Braun, 5) Edwards, 6) Clark, 7) Kerry (I would not
have given Lieberman a ranking as I did not want my vote to count for
him.)
Once all the ballots are in, you add up all the first place rankings. No
one got a clear majority in that round? Then the candidate with the
least number of votes is out, and those ballots favoring him/her and
resorted according to the number 2 rankings. Totals for all remaining
candidates are reassessed. Still noe clear majority winner? Drop off the
fellow with the least votes again, reshuffle his/her ballots, and check
the new totals. This is done until there is a clear winner.
Scroll down past the fraud 2004 info and you will find an example of an
electronic IRV ballot. Further down the page is a section on IRV and
other types of ranked voting.

http://timeforachange.bluelemur.com/electionreform.htm |
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| Small states are a good
idea |
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Iowa and New Hampshire are the last place where a
Presidential candidate has to go up to a person and individually ask for
their vote. People in Iowa and New Hampshire get to know the candidates
in a way that you can't experience in the kind of big rallies they have
during the general election. I want to see how a candidate does talking
to a small group of farmers, workers, seniors or students as opposed to
only seeing how he does talking to a big crowd during a generic campaign
rally in a major city.
Small states give candidates with little money the chance to come out
ahead. Jimmy Carter won the nomination because he was able to connect
with enough individual Iowa voters to win the caucus and gain national
media attention. Bill Clinton came in a surprise second in NH and went
on to win the nomination because he was able to meet a lot of NH voters
in person. Retail politics is a good thing and those are the only places
candidates have to practice one-on-one retail politics. If we have a
national primary all of that will be gone. It will be just like the
general where the average person never gets the chance to talk to a
candidate in person.
For that reason I think Iowa makes more sense. It has a much cheaper
media market than New Hampshire. That allows candidates without much
money the chance to do very well there. That way someone that doesn't
get a lot of corporate money has a shot at winning the nomination.
It doesn't have to be Iowa and New Hampshire but I think having two
small states go first makes a lot of sense. |
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We
were starting to make some progress on a mix of features:
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I like the idea of small states having the first
primaries, however I agree that there is a problem with IA and NH
getting to choose the candidate before everyone else.
A 50-state primary would leave the candidates to focus entirely on New
York, California, Texas, and the other big states, and totally ignore
the 40 smallest states. There would be whole regions of the country that
would have no say whatsoever, and it's pretty clear that NY, CA, and TX
aren't mainstream for either party (for the dems, that would be letting
New York, LA and SF pick the guy, which would be a recipe for DISASTER).
I think breaking the country into 5 or so regions and picking a smallish
state to represent each region, then having all those primaries on the
same day might be the ticket.
My picks are South Carolina, New Mexico, Iowa, Oregon, and New Hampshire
to represent the southeast, southwest, midwest, northwest, and
northeast. Interesting states with interesting histories, small states,
all potential swing states.... good times. |
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I
replied with this compromise solution:
| Now that sounds like some
workable middle ground... |
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I think you have a good point about large states
becoming the focus under my proposed changes. That is clearly borne out
in the general election campaign strategies. Not so sure that the same
state should have the first primary edge in each region though.
Why not rotating. Sometimes it comes to the big states. But, I'm not
sure that a large state should ALWAYS be locked out of the first round
of the draft. We should shoot for balance.
I do like the large regions solution. Pulls it back from a state by
state turf battle and but still allows a focus on a stronghold area
strategy if desired.
Two step process though. Chosen regional state day followed by the rest
of us on the same day. |
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Rotating states within a region could be
interesting, or having the parties within a region get together to
decide which state would be the nominee for the region, but make sure it
gets rotated, so if it's Iowa one election cycle, it would have to be a
different state like Minnesota the next time around.
If it was a big state, the delegates would have to be split, so it
wouldn't be winner-take-all. So a second place finish in California
which gets more votes than most small states is worth something, so
winning California wouldn't be better than winning the other four states
combined.
But yeah, the other 45 states on the same day, say, 3 weeks or a month
later would be good. Enough time for people to really think about the
candidates and enough time for candidates who did poorly to drop out,
and people to research new favorites.
Public financing would also be awesome, so it wouldn't be an issue of
who has a big house to mortgage. Each candidate could be given the same
amount to spend wisely and strategize with.
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| We'll work on the
feasibility of getting it later... |
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Edited on Tue
Dec-07-04 10:14 PM by DistressedAmerican
 |
For now just a wish list. The whole list is pretty
dicey when it comes to actually getting people on board. But, I would
like to discuss out the kinks before I pursue any of the options
further. So far it's a pretty good list. Suppose I concede and keep it
to small states (preferably still rotating)? How would you feel then?
I'm open here. |
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Rotating small states would be good.
Maybe the largest state in the region could be exempted, or something.
If the votes were split, and it wasn't winner-take-all, then even larger
states could participate, but there's something very genuine about the
political process in Iowa and New Hampshire that it would be a shame to
lose. Many people there like to go see all the candidates speak before
they decide, and I think that's terrific, I'd just like to see some
other states have a say too.
I've thought before that maybe each candidate could pick a state, and if
they bomb in their chosen state, they're done, but what we're cooking up
seems pretty good.

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Finally we arrived at this:
| To sum up agreeable
proposals so far we have: |
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Edited on Tue
Dec-07-04 09:06 PM by DistressedAmerican
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1) 5 regions
2) Each has either rotating or home choice of a state to run in a first
day primary
3) 3 weeks later all remaining states vote. Sounds like a Real Super
Tuesday to me.
4) Ranked balloting (see previous posts by GreenPartyVoter for more
details). Rate the candidates in order of preference.
5) Proportional distribution of delegates. Death to "Winner Takes All".
6) Public financing of all campaigns to establish a level funding
playing field
I think that it everything. Its not a full one day primary. But I think
in a day we collectively came up with something pretty workable. Now,
where is congress?
Any comments, criticism, etc?
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