Issues: Election Reform

Special thanks to www.seedsofdoubt.com


THE NEED FOR ELECTION REFORM

    As I sit writing this I am listening to the congressional hearings into vote fraud allegations in Ohio.  The hearing headed by Rep. John Conyers features testimony from a large number of individuals (Jesse Jackson, Green Party Presidential Candidate Cobb and many others) investigating the numerous allegations discussed in the letter recently sent to this year's Kathleen Harris, Ohio Sec. of State Kenneth Blackwell by numerous members of the House Judiciary Committee.  This letter points out a long list of serious irregularities that have been documented in the Ohio voting to date.

    As we saw in the Florida 2000 election, minority voter turnout was suppressed in a number of key Democratic districts across the state.  In one disturbing, example the counting of   ballots on one key district was "locked down", taking place without admission of the normal observers.  Most egregiously, there are allegations of software specifically written to allow the manipulation of vote totals.  This of issues is long...

Point being,  there are  many structural changes to the electoral system that could greatly improve the representativeness of  the final chosen candidate and empower the voter. This page will serve as a slate for the discussion of election reform issues.  Please contact me with comments, suggestions, critiques of the plans discussed.  Before we can make changes we need to decide what changes to make!

NOTE 12/8/04: I will start with the primary system.  But, I will follow soon behind with a discudssion of the general election, electoral college and other topics.


For a great site discussing these issues in detail please check out:


Primary Election Reform Suggestions:

I recently spent some time on the Blog at www.democraticunderground.com discussing the current primary election system and changes that could bring it closer to a democratic ideal of "One man, One vote".  What we came up with collectively was a set of six fundamental changes that could be made to improve the system. 

Six Suggestions For Structural Change in the Presidential Nominating Process

1) The nation be divided into 5 broad geographic regions (Southeast, Southwest, Northeast, Midwest, Northwest)
2) Each region chooses, through a set system of rotation or by other criteria, one state to run in a first day primary
3) 3 weeks later, the people and campaigns have had a chance to respond to the first day results, all remaining states vote, "Super Tuesday".
4) Ballots should be in the form of "Ranked balloting".  Rate the candidates in order of preference.
5) Proportional distribution of delegates. Death to "Winner Takes All" apportionment of delegates.  That way, a second, or third in large states still has value.
6) Finally, public financing of all campaigns to establish a level funding playing field.  Each candidate would receive a set amount of money to spend on the primary race.

Few people think about the primaries.  Even fewer vote in it.  This is a direct reflection of the current structure of the primaries.  My fundamental point in the postings was that the current system disenfranchises voters in later primary states AND that this results in a bias in our choice of nominee on favor of early primary states, particularly Iowa and New Hampshire, the states where financially weaker, less recognized candidates go to die.  I suggested a national one day primary:

We keep loosing (allowing the Republicans to steal) these elections. Yet no one is acknowledging that our fundamental problem is our choice of candidate not republican dirty tricks, apathy , or anything else. Our fundamental problem is the current primary system. Iowa and New Hampshire get to pick our nominee each time around. Their track record SUCKS! Come on, Dukakis, Gore, Kerry!

We will never nominate candidates that represent the national electorate on the whole if we do not allow all of the states to have a say in the nominating process. This year the effect was intentionally exaggerated by Terry McAuliffe and his buddies who believed that picking the nominee at the earliest possible date would leave him stronger against Bush. Fire them all and demand a one day national primary if you want to have a margin of victory large enough to make theft of the election impossible!

How many of you got a chance to vote for your candidate of choice? I was a Clarkie but voted Little Dennis because almost everyone had dropped by Super Tuesday. Super my ass!
Distressed American

The post got a large amount of feedback.  I was surprised at how resistant people were to the idea of changing the primaries.  Most criticisms were based on the logic that making it a national race would greatly increase the cost of running in the primaries, increasing the influence of large donors, making it harder for poorly financed voters to build some name recognition, etc. 

Here are a few responses to give you a feel for the discussion:

No way. One day primary wouldbe extremely expensive and a huge

burden on those candidates campaigning. Clark, Dean, edwards etc had a better chance of winning with a primary system that was spread out (ie. Clinton's comeback) then a one day nightmare. Also with the amount of media buys, campaign travel, etc it would be unresonably expensive.

This idea would never work. You complain that TM tried to rush the primaries yet, you want to one up him by REALLY rushing them into one day.

The problems with why we lose isn't because of NH and Iowa, lets sharpen up. We have other problems we can deal with that can get us back into the WH etc.

Oh, and to those that say Iowa and NH are too liberal... uh' both are swing states (IA went red this time, NH switched) primaries in general only excite the party faithful (for us, the liberals!)

 

That only benefits the candidate with the most

name recognition and corporate money. Remember who had the most money and national name recognition early on in the primary? Joseph Lieberman. Yuck!

Dean may have won a national primary later on because he got sooooo much media coverage and a lot of money. A national primary means that the corporate media and political donors will decide who our nominee is. I don't like that.

 

The difference is $10 million vs $70+ million

it would drain all the democratic donors pockets before we even get to the GE, that would really leave us even more vunerable.

 

and the most name ID

someone like Jimmy Carter could never win a one day primary.

 

it just isn't practical

for everyone to vote on the same day. Its cost prohibitive. NH and IA are small states and it causea big headache to move. And they are both swing states now. So it isn't a good idea to piss them off.

 

You can't blame the primary system or media for Kerry being best candidate

I think there's a major error in your logic.

Kerry won IA and NH because he was the best candidate, with the best set of messages and persona, and organization and ability to raise money.

If you started in NC and Edwards won it, I still think Kerry still would have won the nomination so long as Democratic voters were seeing the candidates and making the decision based on the arguments the candidates were making about themselves.

NH and IA citizens aren't some rare bread of Americans who think differently from everyone else. They took into account the arguments and situation and picked Kerry. So long as there wasn't a home-towner in the race, Democrats all over the country were going to take into account a very similar set of circumstances.

I think the only way to get a different outcome is if you did something like a one day national primary where Democratic voters had to rely on (1) the media interpreting and mediating their relationships with the canidates, and (2) if voters merely got arguments through commercials. Then you might have gotten Dean, but Dean would have done worse against Bush, I'm sure.

 

Many were generally supportive of the concept and suggested revisions to the plan:

 It would be really nice to actually be able to vote in a primary

before the nominee has been declared and has already attained the requisite delegates.

Why should only a few states determine our candidate?

 

New Jersey (June Primary) agrees

I am so there! At least when I lived in Brooklyn there was usually still a few choices by the time the primaries got around to us. Now that I'm in the last state to vote, I haven't had a voice.

Single day with instant runoff voting works for me.

 

I think we need to let NH and IA keep their spots

but the following week some larger states should be in the mix. There is no reason to drag primaries out til May and June, I'd say we could fit all 50 states in primary voting over the period of a month. I think we should allow all states except NH and IA to rotate spots if they want to, but there should be a mix of large and small population states in each batch.

In other words, make the four weeks following the NH primary a Super Tuesday of 12 states.

I voted for Dean in May here, long after he had dropped out, and the fix was in on Kerry. (fix = decision before I get flamed)

 

the point is

the Iowa and NH system allows for retail politics to provide a jump start to a campaign based on the success of retail politics. In a national system, only the well established would get the money they need to compete. And they would have to raise the money early. I think a system of regional primaries would be a better system. Perhaps do NH and Iowa and then split the rest of the primaries into 4 regions. Rotate those regions every 4 years for fairness.

 

How about having a big publicized lottery

a few months before the primary. The slots could be set meaning how many states would vote each week, and then the states positions would be drawn out of a hat. It would be different each cycle, would generate lots of interest, and one cycle southern states would randomly get put in the front, the next cycle it might be industrial states. Just whoever got pulled from the hat.

 

You can see links to explanations on my website of several different

types of ranked voting systems. The one talked about most often, and which I think would be fine for a Primary is Instant Runoff voting.

In that case you literally check off candidates by preference. Me, had I been a Dem this last time, I might have gone: 1) Kucinich, 2) Sharpton, 3) Dean, 4) Moseley-Braun, 5) Edwards, 6) Clark, 7) Kerry (I would not have given Lieberman a ranking as I did not want my vote to count for him.)

Once all the ballots are in, you add up all the first place rankings. No one got a clear majority in that round? Then the candidate with the least number of votes is out, and those ballots favoring him/her and resorted according to the number 2 rankings. Totals for all remaining candidates are reassessed. Still noe clear majority winner? Drop off the fellow with the least votes again, reshuffle his/her ballots, and check the new totals. This is done until there is a clear winner.

Scroll down past the fraud 2004 info and you will find an example of an electronic IRV ballot. Further down the page is a section on IRV and other types of ranked voting.

http://timeforachange.bluelemur.com/electionreform.htm

 

Small states are a good idea

Iowa and New Hampshire are the last place where a Presidential candidate has to go up to a person and individually ask for their vote. People in Iowa and New Hampshire get to know the candidates in a way that you can't experience in the kind of big rallies they have during the general election. I want to see how a candidate does talking to a small group of farmers, workers, seniors or students as opposed to only seeing how he does talking to a big crowd during a generic campaign rally in a major city.

Small states give candidates with little money the chance to come out ahead. Jimmy Carter won the nomination because he was able to connect with enough individual Iowa voters to win the caucus and gain national media attention. Bill Clinton came in a surprise second in NH and went on to win the nomination because he was able to meet a lot of NH voters in person. Retail politics is a good thing and those are the only places candidates have to practice one-on-one retail politics. If we have a national primary all of that will be gone. It will be just like the general where the average person never gets the chance to talk to a candidate in person.

For that reason I think Iowa makes more sense. It has a much cheaper media market than New Hampshire. That allows candidates without much money the chance to do very well there. That way someone that doesn't get a lot of corporate money has a shot at winning the nomination.

It doesn't have to be Iowa and New Hampshire but I think having two small states go first makes a lot of sense.

We were starting to make some progress on a mix of features:

Primary schedule

I like the idea of small states having the first primaries, however I agree that there is a problem with IA and NH getting to choose the candidate before everyone else.

A 50-state primary would leave the candidates to focus entirely on New York, California, Texas, and the other big states, and totally ignore the 40 smallest states. There would be whole regions of the country that would have no say whatsoever, and it's pretty clear that NY, CA, and TX aren't mainstream for either party (for the dems, that would be letting New York, LA and SF pick the guy, which would be a recipe for DISASTER).

I think breaking the country into 5 or so regions and picking a smallish state to represent each region, then having all those primaries on the same day might be the ticket.

My picks are South Carolina, New Mexico, Iowa, Oregon, and New Hampshire to represent the southeast, southwest, midwest, northwest, and northeast. Interesting states with interesting histories, small states, all potential swing states.... good times.

I replied with this compromise solution:

Now that sounds like some workable middle ground...

I think you have a good point about large states becoming the focus under my proposed changes. That is clearly borne out in the general election campaign strategies. Not so sure that the same state should have the first primary edge in each region though.

Why not rotating. Sometimes it comes to the big states. But, I'm not sure that a large state should ALWAYS be locked out of the first round of the draft. We should shoot for balance.

I do like the large regions solution. Pulls it back from a state by state turf battle and but still allows a focus on a stronghold area strategy if desired.

Two step process though. Chosen regional state day followed by the rest of us on the same day.

 

Rotating

Rotating states within a region could be interesting, or having the parties within a region get together to decide which state would be the nominee for the region, but make sure it gets rotated, so if it's Iowa one election cycle, it would have to be a different state like Minnesota the next time around.

If it was a big state, the delegates would have to be split, so it wouldn't be winner-take-all. So a second place finish in California which gets more votes than most small states is worth something, so winning California wouldn't be better than winning the other four states combined.

But yeah, the other 45 states on the same day, say, 3 weeks or a month later would be good. Enough time for people to really think about the candidates and enough time for candidates who did poorly to drop out, and people to research new favorites.

Public financing would also be awesome, so it wouldn't be an issue of who has a big house to mortgage. Each candidate could be given the same amount to spend wisely and strategize with.
 

 

We'll work on the feasibility of getting it later...
Edited on Tue Dec-07-04 10:14 PM by DistressedAmerican
 

For now just a wish list. The whole list is pretty dicey when it comes to actually getting people on board. But, I would like to discuss out the kinks before I pursue any of the options further. So far it's a pretty good list. Suppose I concede and keep it to small states (preferably still rotating)? How would you feel then? I'm open here.

 

Yeah

Rotating small states would be good.

Maybe the largest state in the region could be exempted, or something.

If the votes were split, and it wasn't winner-take-all, then even larger states could participate, but there's something very genuine about the political process in Iowa and New Hampshire that it would be a shame to lose. Many people there like to go see all the candidates speak before they decide, and I think that's terrific, I'd just like to see some other states have a say too.

I've thought before that maybe each candidate could pick a state, and if they bomb in their chosen state, they're done, but what we're cooking up seems pretty good.



 

 

Finally we arrived at this:

To sum up agreeable proposals so far we have:
Edited on Tue Dec-07-04 09:06 PM by DistressedAmerican
 

1) 5 regions
2) Each has either rotating or home choice of a state to run in a first day primary
3) 3 weeks later all remaining states vote. Sounds like a Real Super Tuesday to me.
4) Ranked balloting (see previous posts by GreenPartyVoter for more details). Rate the candidates in order of preference.
5) Proportional distribution of delegates. Death to "Winner Takes All".
6) Public financing of all campaigns to establish a level funding playing field

I think that it everything. Its not a full one day primary. But I think in a day we collectively came up with something pretty workable. Now, where is congress?

Any comments, criticism, etc?
 

CARE TO COMMENT?


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